An excavation conducted in a two-story Ottoman-period building within the Old City of ‘Akko uncovered a flagstone floor, which was probably the original floor of the late Ottoman building, dating to the later half of the eighteenth, or the early nineteenth, century CE (Stratum I). Below the floor was evidence of an early Ottoman, seventeenth-century CE occupation (Stratum II), and beneath it, a Crusader thirteenth-century CE building, which was destroyed by a fierce fire (Stratum III). It is assumed that the Crusader building was destroyed in the summer of 1291, following its conquest by the Mamluks. The phenomenon of Ottoman rebuilding directly upon the remains of Crusader-period buildings, and reusing the Crusader walls as foundations, was also detected in other excavations in the city. The finds from the Crusader period included pottery vessels, local and imported wares, glass vessels and a stone mortar, as well as sheep and goat, cattle, domestic fowl and fish bones. The finds from the Ottoman period included local and imported wares, as well tobacco pipes. The inhabitants of the Ottoman city were mainly merchants and seamen, who were involved in the export of cotton.